针对即将进入AS年级学生家长提出的问题，特别做了这个概要性的文件供大家参考，由于写得仓促很多细节问题还需要进行认真的考虑。
本文主要针对的是要开始学习AS课程的学生，对于已经学习完AS年级课程的学生，需要尽快准备申报英国大学的自述（PS），PS是申报英国大学的关键性部分，必须特别重视起来。当然，写PS的过程也是学生对自己人生的审视和思考的教育过程。
本文内容概述如下：从进入AS年级开始，学生就进入了申报大学的关键时期，如何系统地做好留学方面的全面规划，不仅对学生进入大学有帮助，同时对他们未来职业发展的成功也是非常重要的。
以下是一些需要关注的几个要点：
1. 留学目的国的确定：英美大学录取学生的关注点有所不同，因此要根据留学目的国的不同分别做规划；留学目的国应该在G2结束前确定，如果没有确定的也应该尽快做出选择。
2. 课程及专业方向的确定：应该在G2阶段通过一系列探索和研究做好选择，如果没有完成的也应该在进入AS前确定。
3. A Level选课及注意事项（根据大学的课程进行选择）
4. 申报美国大学的学生，请关注选修课程的丰富度及标准考试（托福、SAT等）的安排。
5. AS年级职业规划及留学的安排（推荐：学生规划表）
相关细节请看附件。希望这些内容对家长和学生有所帮助。
附件
l 课程及专业方向的确定
l A Level选课及注意事项
——伦敦政经对A Level课程选择的建议
——剑桥大学对A Level课程选择的建议
——英国部分大学入学要求
l 申报美国大学学生的注意事项
l AS年级职业规划及留学的安排
——AS年级留学指导工作时间安排
——AS年级学习规划书（建议）
课程及专业方向的确定
大学课程和专业方向的选择是国际高中课程中极其重要的部分，它在整个高中教育过程当中起到了引领的作用。通过相关的研究，不仅让学生尽早了解外国大学的入学要求，也对自己未来的职业方向有了一定的认识。虽然学生的初次选择未必那么准确，他们以后还会不断地做出新的选择，学生在探索过程中得到的锻炼和获得的技能将会影响他们的一生。
课程和专业方向的选择是一个学生探索的过程，原则上应该在G2年级进行，在G2课程结束前应该有个结论。如果在G2学习期间没有完成，也应该在AS年级开始之前有个结果，因为这直接影响了A Level阶段的选课，以及对后面的专业实习及项目研究的计划有很大的影响。
学生可以从大学课程和工作岗位两个方面入手进行研究，下面是推荐的英国和美国的相关网站，供参考：
| 英国 | 课程查询：UCAS、各个大学的官网 | | 工作岗位查询：https://www.prospects.ac.uk/careers-advice/what-can-i-do-with-my-degree | | | 美国 | 建议注册ACT：https://www.actprofile.org/login其中包括了：大学课程、工作岗位介绍、职业兴趣调查 |
建议学生在探索时做些笔记，在一系列的研究工作后再和职业规划专家进行讨论才会有更加实际的意义。
根据我们的经验，专业方向要从下面四点出发综合进行考虑：
1. 自己的知识、能力、技能与选择的职业要求是否相匹配；
2. 自己的性格、兴趣是否与岗位相适应；
3. 选择的职业方向是否符合社会、经济发展的潮流；
4. 家庭具有的能够帮助在职业方面获得发展的社会或其它方面的资源。
A Level选课及注意事项
按照英国的教育体系，16岁是学生成长过程中的转折点，学完GCSE的学生要根据未来在大学学习的课程来选择A Level的学科课程，这也就凸显了G2期间做职业规划的重要性。A Level课程是按照学科来进行分类的，例如：数学、物理、化学、经济等学科被划归为传统学术类科目，名牌大学对传统的学术类课程认可度高，对其它课程的认可度很低。下面有关A Level课程的信息来自英国伦敦政经和剑桥大学。
伦敦政经对A Level学科选择的建议
Information for all applicants
Introduction
As the majority of our applicants apply with A levels, this guidance is written primarily towards that audience. However, the information contained is relevant to students offering any qualification. If you are unsure how this guidance applies to your qualification, please contact the Undergraduate Admissions Office.
Note that where specific guidance regarding the suitability of a particular subject/subject combination is given on the entry requirements pages of our information for International Students, that guidance supersedes the more general guidance given below.
Subject combinations and non-preferred subjects
The School considers not only the individual qualifications offered by applicants but also the combination of subjects offered. Individual degree programmes may have specific subject requirements or preferences which are listed in the Departmental Admissions Criteria. We also have a number of general policies, listed below.
We consider traditional academic subjects to be the best preparation for studying at LSE. We expect applicants to offer at least two full A levels or IBDP Higher Levels in these subjects (although typically, applicants will apply with three or four); please see the list below for guidance.
Some subjects provide a less effective preparation for study at LSE. We refer to these as non-preferred subjects; please see the list below for guidance. These subjects should only be offered in combination with two traditional academic subjects.
Finally, there are a small number of A levels which are normally excluded from our standard offer; please see the list below. Applicants should offer three full A levels or equivalent alongside these subjects.
List of common traditional academic/”generally preferred” subjects:
Ancient History
Biology
Classical Civilisation
Chemistry
Computing
Economics
English (English Language, English Literature and English Language and Literature)
Further Mathematics*
Geography
Government and Politics
History
Languages: Modern Foreign, Classic and Community**
Mathematics
Music
Philosophy
Physics
Psychology
Religious Studies
Sociology
List of common non-preferred subjects:
Any Applied A level
Accounting
Art and Design
Business Studies
Citizenship Studies
Communication and Culture
Creative Writing
Design and Technology
Drama/Theatre Studies
Film Studies
Health and Social Care
Home Economics
Information and Communication Technology
Law
Leisure Studies
Media Studies
Music Technology
Physical Education/Sports studies
Travel and Tourism
List of normally excluded subjects
General Studies
Critical Thinking
Thinking Skills
Knowledge and Enquiry
Project Work
剑桥大学对A Level课程选择的建议
If you are in Year 11 (or equivalent) and are having to choose your AS/A Level options, this leaflet provides useful advice to ensure that the decisions you make will not unduly limit the opportunities available to you should you decide to apply to Cambridge in the future.
If you will be studying qualifications other than A Levels the advice about subjects and subject combinations that follows is essentially still true. Guidance for a range of qualifications is available on the Undergraduate Study website (www.cam.ac.uk/entrancerequirements/) and if you have any queries you should contact the admissions office of the College you are considering applying to as early as possible.
Do you know the course you want to study?
Many Cambridge courses require prior knowledge of certain subjects and Colleges will expect such subjects to be passed, normally with an A or A* grade at A Level or equivalent. Applicants may be required to achieve the A* in a particular subject, depending on individual circumstances.
If you have already decided on a course that you would like to study at university, we recommend that you take a look at the information on Course Requirements given on our website (www.cam.ac.uk/entrancerequirements/) before you finalise your A Level subject choices to check that they will be appropriate for a Cambridge application. You might also wish to do this for the same course – or similar courses – at other universities.
Do you want to keep your options open?
Choosing subject combinations that genuinely keep your options open is trickier than you might think. We often encounter students who have chosen to take two arts and two science subjects at AS Level because they believe it will keep their options open. While such a subject combination does provide a suitable preparation for many arts and social science courses at the University it can make you a less competitive applicant for Cambridge’s broad-based science courses.
There are certain A Level subjects that are considered either essential or desirable for a number of courses at Cambridge. Therefore, choosing one or more of these will help keep your higher education options open. These subjects include: a language, Chemistry, English Literature,1 History, Mathematics and Physics. Other subjects that also facilitate course choice at Cambridge include Further Mathematics2 and Biology.
1 English Language & Literature can be an acceptable alternative.
2 For students in England the Further Mathematics Support Programme (www.furthermaths.org.uk) offers the opportunity to study Further Mathematics even if it is not offered by your school/college.
If you want to keep your options open but you think you are likely to want to study an arts/social science or science-based course at university please read our further advice overleaf (information about the courses offered at Cambridge can be found on the Undergraduate Study website at: www.cam.ac.uk/choosingacourse).
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